2010年12月英语四级全真预测试卷及答案解析(7)
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简答题（共4题。）。
2010年12月英语四级全真预测试卷及答案解析(7)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: The Importance of keeping A Good Mood. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 人们每天都生活在压力之下
2. 所以说保持一个好的心情是十分重要的
3. 我的观点和原因
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Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
More and more Americans are reading their own credit report. Credit reports are (36) ________ by lenders to decide how rrisky it would be to offer a loan or credit to an individual.
The report holds information about a person's (37) ________ loans and credit-card debt. It records late (38) ________ of bills and any unpaid loans. It all adds up to a credit history. These days, though, lenders often welcome people with bad credit histories. They are (39) ________ higher interest rates and other loan costs.
Some Americans want to read their credit report to know if they have been a (40) ________ of identity theft. They can see if any loans or credit cards have been (41) ________ in their name with stolen personal information.
Another reason is that credit reports are not always correct.. They might (42) ________ wrong information or old information.
Before 1971, Americans could not see any of this information. One change, in 2001, permits people to see their FICO score. FICO is short for the Fair Isaac (43) ________. (44) __________.
Fair Isaac says many lenders not just in the United States but around the world use its technology to create credit scores. (45) _______________________________________________.
As of May, the company says it sold ten million credit scores to individuals.
(46) ______________________________________________________________________.
Paying bills on time and paying off credit-card debt improves credit scores. (本题0 分)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
More and more Americans are reading their own credit report. Credit reports are (36) ________ by lenders to decide how rrisky it would be to offer a loan or credit to an individual.
The report holds information about a person's (37) ________ loans and credit-card debt. It records late (38) ________ of bills and any unpaid loans. It all adds up to a credit history. These days, though, lenders often welcome people with bad credit histories. They are (39) ________ higher interest rates and other loan costs.
Some Americans want to read their credit report to know if they have been a (40) ________ of identity theft. They can see if any loans or credit cards have been (41) ________ in their name with stolen personal information.
Another reason is that credit reports are not always correct.. They might (42) ________ wrong information or old information.
Before 1971, Americans could not see any of this information. One change, in 2001, permits people to see their FICO score. FICO is short for the Fair Isaac (43) ________. (44) __________.
Fair Isaac says many lenders not just in the United States but around the world use its technology to create credit scores. (45) _______________________________________________.
As of May, the company says it sold ten million credit scores to individuals.
(46) ______________________________________________________________________.
Paying bills on time and paying off credit-card debt improves credit scores. (本题0 分)
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Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated ____47 ___? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date.
Many people are afraid to assert(表现)themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole ____48 ___ is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always '____49 ___' around-a parent, a teacher, a boss-who 'knows better'. These superiors often gain when they chip(削弱) away at your self-image."
But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people ____50 ___ themselves. They ____51 ___ "assertiveness training" courses-At for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more ____52 ___ without hurting other people.
In one way. learning to speak out is to ____53 ___ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger ____54 ___-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.
Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to ____55 ___ your own good sense.
You go by the other person's ____56___ . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.
[A] doubt [I] peace
[B] active [J] demand
[C] system [K] ask
[D] offer [L] superior
[E] unfairly [M] overcome
[F] unfortunately [N] confidence
[G] motive [O] roar
[H] image (本题0 分)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated ____47 ___? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date.
Many people are afraid to assert(表现)themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole ____48 ___ is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always '____49 ___' around-a parent, a teacher, a boss-who 'knows better'. These superiors often gain when they chip(削弱) away at your self-image."
But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people ____50 ___ themselves. They ____51 ___ "assertiveness training" courses-At for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more ____52 ___ without hurting other people.
In one way. learning to speak out is to ____53 ___ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger ____54 ___-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.
Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to ____55 ___ your own good sense.
You go by the other person's ____56___ . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.
[A] doubt [I] peace
[B] active [J] demand
[C] system [K] ask
[D] offer [L] superior
[E] unfairly [M] overcome
[F] unfortunately [N] confidence
[G] motive [O] roar
[H] image (本题0 分)
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Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87. ________________________ (幸亏遇到一位好心的出租车司机), Amy arrived at the test room in time.
88. ________________________ (这是一个生死攸关的问题) and therefore we must pay more attention to it.
89. The problem of internet crime ________________________ (近些年来引起了广泛关注).
90. The computer isn't working properly; ________________________ (肯定有什么地方出了毛病).
91. ________________________ (应当注意的是) that pollution has become one of the thorniest problems in many big cities. 来源: (本题0 分)
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87. ________________________ (幸亏遇到一位好心的出租车司机), Amy arrived at the test room in time.
88. ________________________ (这是一个生死攸关的问题) and therefore we must pay more attention to it.
89. The problem of internet crime ________________________ (近些年来引起了广泛关注).
90. The computer isn't working properly; ________________________ (肯定有什么地方出了毛病).
91. ________________________ (应当注意的是) that pollution has become one of the thorniest problems in many big cities. 来源: (本题0 分)
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综合题，请根据题目给出的内容，来回答下面给出的试题。
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Among all the animals, the ape is most like human beings. Both people and apes have the similar brain structure, the similar nerve system, and the similar kind of blood.
There are four kinds of apes: the chimpanzee(黑猩猩), the orangutan(猩猩), the gorilla(大猩猩), and the gibbon(长臂猿). They live in the deep forests and warm tropical regions of Africa and of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia.
All apes are covered with brown, reddish-brown, or black hair everywhere on their bodies except their faces, feet, and hands. Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb that helps them grip things the way our thumbs help us. But they also have a thumb on each foot instead of a big toe. Thus they can hold things with their feet also. Having short, weak legs, apes do not walk on the ground very much. However, their arms are very strong. This enables them to swing from branches and travel very quickly from tree to tree.
These animals live in small family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetables and fruits. They also eat eggs, small animals, nuts, and insects. When they are tired, they build nests in the trees. But they rarely sleep there for more than a night or two. Then they move on to look for more food.
There are some differences among the following three kids of apes. The gibbon is never more than three feet high and weight only about fourteen pounds. The gorilla grows to be six feet tall and weight up to 600 pounds. The orangutan is smaller than the gorilla. It stands three to five feet tall and weight up to 200 pounds.
Chimpanzees are the smartest of all apes. They can be taught to sit at a table and eat, to dress themselves, and to do things that human children can do.
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Among all the animals, the ape is most like human beings. Both people and apes have the similar brain structure, the similar nerve system, and the similar kind of blood.
There are four kinds of apes: the chimpanzee(黑猩猩), the orangutan(猩猩), the gorilla(大猩猩), and the gibbon(长臂猿). They live in the deep forests and warm tropical regions of Africa and of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia.
All apes are covered with brown, reddish-brown, or black hair everywhere on their bodies except their faces, feet, and hands. Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb that helps them grip things the way our thumbs help us. But they also have a thumb on each foot instead of a big toe. Thus they can hold things with their feet also. Having short, weak legs, apes do not walk on the ground very much. However, their arms are very strong. This enables them to swing from branches and travel very quickly from tree to tree.
These animals live in small family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetables and fruits. They also eat eggs, small animals, nuts, and insects. When they are tired, they build nests in the trees. But they rarely sleep there for more than a night or two. Then they move on to look for more food.
There are some differences among the following three kids of apes. The gibbon is never more than three feet high and weight only about fourteen pounds. The gorilla grows to be six feet tall and weight up to 600 pounds. The orangutan is smaller than the gorilla. It stands three to five feet tall and weight up to 200 pounds.
Chimpanzees are the smartest of all apes. They can be taught to sit at a table and eat, to dress themselves, and to do things that human children can do.
请根据上面给出的内容，来回答下面的单项选择题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。每小题0分，共5题。）
57. What does the first paragraph tell us?
A ：The ape looks like human beings most.
B ：People and the ape think alike.
C ：People and the ape behave alike.
D ：The ape is the most intellectual animal in the world.
B ：People and the ape think alike.
C ：People and the ape behave alike.
D ：The ape is the most intellectual animal in the world.
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58. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?
A ：All apes are brown or black.
B ：All parts of apes' bodies are covered with hair.
C ：Apes have weak legs but very strong arms.
D ：Apes' arms are strong enough to swim.
B ：All parts of apes' bodies are covered with hair.
C ：Apes have weak legs but very strong arms.
D ：Apes' arms are strong enough to swim.
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59. Apes build nests in the trees but seldom sleep there for more than a night or two because ________.
A ：They like to live in small family groups
B ：They like to move from place to place in search of more food
C ：They like to eat eggs, small animals, nuts and insects
D ：it rains too often in the deep forests
B ：They like to move from place to place in search of more food
C ：They like to eat eggs, small animals, nuts and insects
D ：it rains too often in the deep forests
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60. Among the three kinds of apes, ________.
A ：the gorilla is the biggest
B ：the gibbon is only three feet high but it is heavier than the orangutan
C ：the orangutan is smaller than the gorilla and cleverer than the gibbon
D ：the orangutan can stand up to a great height, but others cannot
B ：the gibbon is only three feet high but it is heavier than the orangutan
C ：the orangutan is smaller than the gorilla and cleverer than the gibbon
D ：the orangutan can stand up to a great height, but others cannot
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61. The last paragraph tells us that ________.
A ：chimpanzees can do better than human children
B ：chimpanzees can do many things that human children cannot do
C ：human children can do many things that chimpanzees cannot do
D ：the intelligence of chimpanzees is similar to that of human children
B ：chimpanzees can do many things that human children cannot do
C ：human children can do many things that chimpanzees cannot do
D ：the intelligence of chimpanzees is similar to that of human children
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Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3~21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded(发展迟缓的) learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging.
A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable(孜孜不倦的) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations."
Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative(比喻的)language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners.
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3~21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded(发展迟缓的) learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging.
A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable(孜孜不倦的) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations."
Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative(比喻的)language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners.
请根据上面给出的内容，来回答下面的单项选择题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。每小题0分，共5题。）
62. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with ________.
A ：genius students from day-care centers to colleges
B ：students who are fond of computer video games
C ：teachers of language in the University of Arizona
D ：students who are either mentally or physically disabled
B ：students who are fond of computer video games
C ：teachers of language in the University of Arizona
D ：students who are either mentally or physically disabled
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63. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because ________.
A ：its fancy design is very attractive
B ：it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy
C ：the content of it is healthy and promising
D ：it is developed by university professors
B ：it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy
C ：the content of it is healthy and promising
D ：it is developed by university professors
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64. According to Professor Healey, we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps ________.
A ：need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language concepts
B ：are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasp higher-order language concepts
C ：are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the world concepts
D ：tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty learning the simple concept "before and after"
B ：are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasp higher-order language concepts
C ：are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the world concepts
D ：tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty learning the simple concept "before and after"
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65. The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is ________.
A ：handicapped students and their problems
B ：videodisc and special education
C ：computer assisted teaching programs
D ：normal children and handicapped kids
B ：videodisc and special education
C ：computer assisted teaching programs
D ：normal children and handicapped kids
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66. The word "impairment" (Line 2, Para. 1) probably means ________.
A ：habit
B ：disability
C ：misconception
D ：belief
B ：disability
C ：misconception
D ：belief
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Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left in the ____67 ___ of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their ____68 ___ children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any ____69___ visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an ____70 ___ story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care ____71 ___ elderly people need. Samuel Preston, a sociologist, studied ____72 ___ the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the ____73 ___ American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. ____74 ___, because people today live longer after an illness than people did years ____75 ___, family members must provide long term care. More psychologists have found that all caregivers ____76 ___ a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best ____77 ___ for the job. In other words, they all felt that they ____78 ___ do the job better than anyone else. Social workers ____79 ___ caregivers to find out why they took ___ 80 ___ the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had ___81 ___ to help their relative. Some stated that helping others ____82 ___ them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping ____83___ now, they would deserve care when they became old and ____84 ___. Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a ____85 ___ satisfying experience for everyone who might be ____86 ___.
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left in the ____67 ___ of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their ____68 ___ children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any ____69___ visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an ____70 ___ story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care ____71 ___ elderly people need. Samuel Preston, a sociologist, studied ____72 ___ the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the ____73 ___ American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. ____74 ___, because people today live longer after an illness than people did years ____75 ___, family members must provide long term care. More psychologists have found that all caregivers ____76 ___ a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best ____77 ___ for the job. In other words, they all felt that they ____78 ___ do the job better than anyone else. Social workers ____79 ___ caregivers to find out why they took ___ 80 ___ the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had ___81 ___ to help their relative. Some stated that helping others ____82 ___ them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping ____83___ now, they would deserve care when they became old and ____84 ___. Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a ____85 ___ satisfying experience for everyone who might be ____86 ___.
请根据上面给出的内容，来回答下面的单项选择题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。每小题0分，共20题。）
67.
A ：hands
B ：arms
C ：bodies
D ：homes
B ：arms
C ：bodies
D ：homes
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68.
A ：growing
B ：grown
C ：grow
D ：grows
B ：grown
C ：grow
D ：grows
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69.
A ：constant
B ：lasting
C ：regular
D ：normal
B ：lasting
C ：regular
D ：normal
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70.
A ：imaginary
B ：imaginable
C ：imaginative
D ：imagery
B ：imaginable
C ：imaginative
D ：imagery
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71.
A ：that
B ：this
C ：those
D ：these
B ：this
C ：those
D ：these
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72.
A ：when
B ：how
C ：what
D ：where
B ：how
C ：what
D ：where
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73.
A ：common
B ：ordinary
C ：standard
D ：average
B ：ordinary
C ：standard
D ：average
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74.
A ：Still
B ：However
C ：Moreover
D ：Whereas
B ：However
C ：Moreover
D ：Whereas
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75.
A ：before
B ：ago
C ：later
D ：lately
B ：ago
C ：later
D ：lately
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76.
A ：share
B ：enjoy
C ：divide
D ：consent
B ：enjoy
C ：divide
D ：consent
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77.
A ：person
B ：people
C ：character
D ：man
B ：people
C ：character
D ：man
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78.
A ：would
B ：will
C ：could
D ：can
B ：will
C ：could
D ：can
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79.
A ：questioned
B ：interviewed
C ：inquired
D ：interrogate
B ：interviewed
C ：inquired
D ：interrogate
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80.
A ：in
B ：up
C ：on
D ：off
B ：up
C ：on
D ：off
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81.
A ：admiration
B ：initiative
C ：necessity
D ：obligation
B ：initiative
C ：necessity
D ：obligation
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82.
A ：cause
B ：enable
C ：make
D ：get
B ：enable
C ：make
D ：get
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83.
A ：someone
B ：anyone
C ：everyone
D ：anybody
B ：anyone
C ：everyone
D ：anybody
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84.
A ：elderly
B ：dependent
C ：dependable
D ：independent
B ：dependent
C ：dependable
D ：independent
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85.
A ：similarly
B ：differently
C ：mutually
D ：certainly
B ：differently
C ：mutually
D ：certainly
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86.
A ：involved
B ：excluded
C ：included
D ：considered
B ：excluded
C ：included
D ：considered
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