Part I Writing (30 minutes)
　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡l上。
　　Part I Writing (30 minutes)
　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Welcome Letter. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

　　1．你的外国朋友Pabl0要来你的家乡玩，对此用一封信来表达你的欢迎；
　　2．对家乡做一个简要的介绍。

　　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

　　 Can We Replant the Planet's Rainforests?
　　It's hard not to be impressed by rainfurests. Towering, aged trees called emergants stretch almost 250 feet (76 meters) into the air, surpassing the interwoven canopy that both covers and houses more than half of the world's species. Though rainforests contain nearly half of all the planet's trees, they only cover about 7 percent of the surface of the land.
　　 Despite the importance of rainforests, deforestation practices continue. Though the term can apply to natural causes like forest fires, it's commonly linked to human activities, like logging, agriculture and mining--all important for our economy. But by stripping (剥夺 ) the land of these resources, we must accept the consequences of our actions. Chopping down rainforests increases the likelihood of soil erosion, landslides and flooding. It also decreases biodiversity and medical resources. More than 25 percent of modern medicine is derived from rainfurest plants, and only 1 percent of rainforest plant species have been studied for potential medicinal uses. Deforestation also destroys the homelands of indigenous cultures and affects the livelihoods Of millions of other people, many of whom live in the world's poorest regions.
　　In an effort to counteract this destruction, conservation efforts are blossoming across the globe. Among these are reforestation projects, aimed at increasing the amount of living trees and physically linking remaining forests together, to combat habitat loss and prevent species extinction.
　　 There arc many challenges facing these projects. Firstly, rainforests arc full of ancient, gigantic trees; these aren't the saplings you buy at your local nursery. Much of the action of a rainforest's ecosystem takes place in the lofty upper reaches,
　　which can present problems for reforestation efforts since towering trees take decades to grow. Secondly, rainforest trees closely rely on their evolutionary playmates--the surrounding flora and fauna--to create the delicate conditions needed to sustain functions such as nutrient cycles and pollination.
　　So while rainfurests provide a flourishing (欣欣向荣的) habitat for life, the success of that habitat relies on a fragile balance of ecological factors. Take away the trees and you have a major problem. But if the soil's bacteria and other microorganisms (微生物 ), which break down the nutrient-rich organic matter that tumbles to the dark forest floor, arc also eliminated, the rainfurest is destroyed. If the insects and birds that act as critical pollinators go extinct, life will falter.
　　So, can we push up our sleeves, grab a shovel, dig in and just start replanting the rainforests? To a certain extent, we can.
　　However, while efforts at reforestation have significant value, they're usually not as crucial as preserving existing rainforests.
　　Rainforest conservation is just as important as trying to reforest other areas.
　　 Reforestation can be accomplished by nature, by humans or through a combination of the two. Some reforestation efforts focus on growing forests quickly because these woodlands are key to many of Earth's natural cycles, such as the carbon and water cycles. Replanting deforested land with quick-growing exotic tree species, like eucalyptus or Australian acacia, can help solve immediate problems such as soil erosion and elevated carbon levels.
　　 However, exotic trees may make the land unsuitable for future rainforest cultivation by changing the soil's original characteristics. Scientists need to study individual situations to determine what type of impact each foreign species will make on the area's microbial life, and what the appropriate choices are for reforestation. On a positive note, fast-growing secondary forests and tree farms can replace primary forests as a source for agricultural and energy needs. A primary forest is basically one that's undisturbed by humans and has suffered very few ecological disruptions ( ep~l ). There are several other names for a primary forest, such as old growth and primeval forest. A secondary forest is one that has regrown after a destructive event, like a fire or logging. Primary forests usually have much higher levels of biodiversity than secondary ones, which is part of the reason conservationists are trying to save old growth.
　　In areas where deforestation is severe, remaining patches of primary forests are often located at great distances from other surviving rainforests or reforested regions. This makes animal survival and recolonization, as well as plant cross-pollination, difficult and can impede efforts to sustain actual rainforest ecology. Although the parcels of vegetative land can increase the chance of some species' short-term survival, researchers say the species are likely doomed to extinction over the long tema.
　　One-way conservationists seek to protect rainforest species is to reforest the corridors of trees that lie between rainforest parcels. This gives plants and animals access to a larger habitat and the chance to mix with other populations, which can boost
　　their genetic diversity and help prevent extinction through isolation for most species. Conservationists can help cultivate these arboreal arteries into supportable rainforest habitats by working to have these corridors widened. The wider the corridors are, the safer they become for migrating animals to use.
　　It's also important to reforest and enlarge areas adjacent to these surviving parcels. This provides an easy means for species to inhabit new territory and expand viable rainforest ecology.
　　Researchers are exploring several options for improving and easing reforestation efforts. One inventive method involves bats. Installing man-made bat roosts in deforested areas can encourage these uniquely flight-enabled mammals (like the
　　spectacled flying fox) to spread seeds and begin the process of rainforest regeneration. Activities like installing bat roosts are examples of how people are a part of natural reforestation efforts.
　　Reforestation efforts are sprouting up all around the world. Numerous conservation groups are working to preserve, enlarge and connect the world's rainforests. Let's take a closer look at some of those projects.
　　Rwanda's government and various ecological groups are paying special attention to the Gishwati Forest Reserve. Once a vast rainforest, activities such as deforestation and refugee resettlement reduced it to a fraction of its original size around the turn of the century. Since then, reforestation has somewhat increased the size of the forest, but it remains a sliver of its original size.
　　A project called the Rwandan National Conservation Park is gaining momentum, and those people involved with the project are working to bring the rainforest back and connect it with larger, surviving rainforests nearby. These individuals and organizations are looking to accomplish this through the use of wide tree corridors. They also plan to increase the acreage of the core forest and study the ecology of the forest's animals, particularly its chimpanzees.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。
　　1. According the passage, what activities destroy the rainforests?
 

　　2. Which of the following is one of the purposes of reforestation projects?

　　3. What do rainforest trees tightly rely on? "

　　4. Why are the quick-growing exotic tree species replanted in the deforested land?

　　5. Why are conservationists trying to save primary forests?

　　6. What provides an easy means to inhabit new territory and expand viable rainforest ecology?

　　7. What's the function of installing man-made bat roosts in deforested areas?

　　8. Conservation groups all around the world are working to__________the world's rairiforests.

　　9. Around the turn of the century, there was a vast rainforest in Rwanda reduced its original size by______________

　　10. According to a project called the Rwandan National Conservation Park, researchers also plan to study the ecology of the forest's animals such as_________ 　
 

　　Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A ], [B ], [C] and [ D ], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　 11.
 

　　12.
 

　　 13.

　　14.

　　15.

　　 16.

　　 17.

　　 18.

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　 19.

　　20.

　　21.

　　22.

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　23.
 

　　24.

　　25.

　　Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions: Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [ A ], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　Passage One
　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　26.

　　27.

　　28.

　　Passage Two
　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　29.

　　30.

　　31.

　　Passage Three
　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　32.

　　33.

　　34.

　　35.

　　Section C
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。
　　Part III Section C
　　 One of the genes that protects us from cancer may also help delay aging, according to a new study.
　　 The findings could also one day lead to new drugs that prevent or fight cancer while (36) healthy youth and life span, said Manuel Serrano, a researcher at the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, who worked on the study.
　　 Serrano said researchers (37) engineered mice to have an extra copy of a key cancer-fighting gene called p53 and found it also played an important role in delaying aging.
　　 "Everyone agrees that the aging is produced by the (38) of faulty cells, " Serrano said. "In other words, p53 delays aging for exactly the same reason that it prevents cancer. "
　　 (39) cancer studies have shown that p53 can actually cause (40) aging symptoms by killing too many cells when it goes into (41) , but Serrano said his research strictly (42)
　　the gene so that it turned on only when needed.
　　 The gene did their (43) job of producing a protein that kills damaged cancer cells. But the researchers found that mice with an extra copy of the genes (44)"This is the first anti-cancer gene tested for its effect on aging, " Serrano said. "The mice lived 16 percent longer in their average life span. "
　　 The p53 gene, when working properly, (45)
　　If the gene is mutated or inactivated the control mechanism does not work.
　　 Serrano also said that other research has shown that mice and worms that eat less have slower metabolisms and live longer. But his study offers evidence that (46)
 

　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth ) (25 minutes )

　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each
　　choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not_ use__any of the words in the bank more than once.
　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
　　Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated 47 ? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afr aid to ask someone for a date?
　　Many people are afraid to assert (表现 ) themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole 48 is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always ' 49 ' aroundT--a parent, a teacher, a boss--who 'knows better'. These superiors often gain when they chip (削弱 ) away at your self-image."
　　But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people 50 themselves. They 51 "assertiveness training" courses--AT for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more 52 without hurting other people.
　　In one way, learning to speak out is to 53 fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger 54 --the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he
　　feels.
　　Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to 55 your own good sense.
　　You go by the other person's 56 . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
 

　　Section B
　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and marie the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　Passage One
　　Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
　　When the Earth shook here on March 26th, 2000, it helped geologists to figure out how the Earth around Seattle would shake during the real thing less than a year later.
　　When Seattle's Kingdome was demolished with explosives, more than 200 seismic recorders caught every rattle and roll.
　　Tom Brochcr of the U.S. Geological Survey says, "You can see the red waves traveling away from the Kingdome. "
　　The areas that shook the worst then also shook the worst when the six point eight (on the Richter scale ) Nisqually earthquake hit.
　　"'We shouldn't be surprised to see damage at Boeing field and at the port of Seattle where we did see damage, because in both of those areas the ground shook longer and harder than other parts of Seattle."
　　It's what's known as a slab quake (located) 36 miles below the surface where the Juan de Fuca plate slab is diving underneath the North American plate. Geologists believe the plate bent, causing it to crack, and sending shock waves to the surface.
　　Tom Brocher says, "As soon as we knew it was a deep earthquake--that it was this type of earthquake-we immediately put out the word that we should expect very few aftershocks. "
　　There were only 4. In San Francisco's Loma Prieta earthquake here in 1989 which was closer to the surface, there were 120 afiershocks. The fact that "deep-focus" earthquakes have fewer afrershocks still puzzles geologists.
　　Brocher says, "What we can tell people is you're not going to have these ( aftershocks ). What we can't tell them why. And that's a research issue. ""
　　Geologists say the Nisqually quake originated from almost the same spot as the 1949 quake there, and had the same damage patterns. There were fewer landslides this year because of the lack of rain.
　　Over the next year and hal~ researchers want to set offexplosives at the surface near Seattle, aimed at the slab 37 miles below.
　　The waves will then bounce offthe slab and reflect back to the surface giving information about where the plate is and how it's moving. So, before the Earth moves again, geologists will have an idea which places might be destined to shake the hardest.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　57. According to the passage, what caused the Earth around Seattle shake on March 26th, 2000?
 

　　58. If a real earthquake hits Seattle, the areas that will be damaged most would be __

　　59. According to the geologists, how did the shock waves reach the surface?

　　60. If the earthquake focus was close to the surface, __
 

　　61. According to the passage, the researchers set off explosives in order to

　　Passage Two
　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
　　Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking~ or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3 -21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded (发展迟缓的 ), learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging.
　　 A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable(孜孜不倦的 ) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition Of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations".
　　 Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative (比喻的 ) language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　62. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with __

　　63. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because __

　　64. According to Professor Healey, we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps

　　65. The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is __

　　66. The word "impairment" (Line 2, Para. 1 ) probably means __

　　Part V Ooze (15 minutes)

　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [ A ], [ B ], [ C ] and [ D ]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding
　　letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

　　Passage Two
　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
　　Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking~ or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3 -21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded (发展迟缓的 ), learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging.
　　 A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable(孜孜不倦的 ) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition Of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations".
　　 Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative (比喻的 ) language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　62. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with __

　　63. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because __

　　64. According to Professor Healey, we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps

　　65. The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is __

　　66. The word "impairment" (Line 2, Para. 1 ) probably means __

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　 Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left in the 67 of strangers for the rest of their lives.
　　Their 68 children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any 69 visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth--an 70 story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care 71 elderly people need. Samuel Preston, a sociologist, studied 72 the American family is changing.
　　He reported that by the time the 73 American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. 74 , because people today live longer after an illness than people did years 75 , family members must provide long term care. More psychologists have found that all caregivers 76 a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best 77 for the job.
　　In other words, they all felt that they 78 do the job better than anyone else. Social workers 79 caregivers to find out why they took 80 the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had 81 to help their relative. Some stated that helping others 82 them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping 83 now, they would deserve care when they became old and 84 . Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a 85 satisfying experience for everyone who might be 86 ..
　　67.

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　　Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

　　Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。
　　Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
　　87.__________ (幸亏遇到一位好心的出租车司机)，Amyarrived at the test room in time．
 

　　88．__________ (这是一个生死攸关的问题)and therefore we must pay more attention to it．
 

　　89．The problem ofintemet crime__________ (近些年来引起了广泛关注)．
 

　　90．111e computer isn't working properly；__________ (肯定有什么地方出了毛病)．
 

　　91．__________(应当注意的是)that pollution has become one of the thorniest problems in many big cities．